Close Menu
PixelArena.io
    What's Hot
    Featured

    Our favourite videogame vapourware: No Silksong Allowed Edition

    PC

    Fortnite’s new partnered Star Wars games are a bad look for both Fortnite and Star Wars

    Reviews

    The Click and the Wager: How eSports and Betting Collide

    Subscribe to Updates

    Get The Latest News, Updates, And Amazing Offers

    Important Pages:
    • Home
    • About Us
    • Contact us
    • Privacy Policy
    • Terms & Conditions
    Facebook X (Twitter) Instagram Pinterest
    Trending
    • Alright, I’ve watched the Tekken 8 EWC tourney so far, and here is my prediction for the Top 8
    • James Gray Learned About a Locarno Award. His Wife Mentioned the Trash
    • Frankie Grande Tells Ariana ‘Family Forever’ as She Prepares to Step Back
    • Bill Maher made weight loss jokes on Ariana Grande, only for ‘Real Time’ audience to respond with collective groans
    • Planet Zoo 2 Feature Focus Reveals Aviaries, Birds and Cohabitation Gameplay
    • New Shooter Game Pays You For Playing, But There’s a Major Catch
    • Today’s Wordle hint and answer for Monday, August 10
    • The designer of Diamond City, Little Lamplight, and Starfield’s Neon thinks Bethesda’s galaxy was just too big: ‘I would have done a handful of planets with bespoke layouts’
    • Home
    • About Us
    • Contact us
    • Privacy Policy
    • Terms & Conditions
    Facebook X (Twitter) Instagram Pinterest
    PixelArena.io
    • News

      Bill Maher made weight loss jokes on Ariana Grande, only for ‘Real Time’ audience to respond with collective groans

      August 10, 2026

      Wordle Hint August 9 2026 (8/9/26) – Puzzle 1877!

      August 9, 2026

      Iron Nest: Heavy Turret Simulator review

      August 8, 2026

      Live-Action Legend Of Zelda Movie Taps Uli Latukefu For

      August 7, 2026

      “Believable and consistent up close”: What the dinosaurs of The Lost Wild share with Microsoft’s cancelled Everwild, according to the designer who worked on both

      August 6, 2026
    • New Release

      Planet Zoo 2 Feature Focus Reveals Aviaries, Birds and Cohabitation Gameplay

      August 10, 2026

      Meta Quest gets 28 new VR games and updates, including PAYDAY, Transformers and H3VR2

      August 9, 2026

      My Hero Academia’s take on the Survivors-like strides where Walking Dead: Aftermath stumbles

      August 8, 2026

      A Look Back On The First Two Onimusha Games With Planner And

      August 7, 2026

      Why Checkers Is One of the Best Screen-Time Alternatives for Kids

      August 6, 2026
    • Reviews

      New Shooter Game Pays You For Playing, But There’s a Major Catch

      August 10, 2026

      Impressive VR Flight Model Is Cleared For Takeoff

      August 9, 2026

      Big Walk Review: A Walk To Remember

      August 8, 2026

      Beast Of Reincarnation review: A briefly fun Sekiro-like that becomes chewing gum for the brain

      August 7, 2026

      One Multiplier, One Flight and a Very Different Casino Experience

      August 6, 2026
    • PC

      The designer of Diamond City, Little Lamplight, and Starfield’s Neon thinks Bethesda’s galaxy was just too big: ‘I would have done a handful of planets with bespoke layouts’

      August 10, 2026

      Titan Quest 2’s new class is a dream for lovers of the Diablo Necromancer

      August 9, 2026

      Big Walk number puzzle: A few small hints and the full solution

      August 8, 2026

      GFN Thursday: GeForce NOW August Games

      August 7, 2026

      By defying MMO convention, FF14 has grown from total failure to a titan beyond its genre

      August 6, 2026
    • PlayStation

      The Old Country’s Man of Honor expansion – PixelArena.io

      August 10, 2026

      Way of the Sword opens up in the final preview – PixelArena.io

      August 9, 2026

      Last Rites – Everything you need to know – PixelArena.io

      August 8, 2026

      Celebrate 30 years of Quake with a brand-new episode, available today – PixelArena.io

      August 7, 2026

      The Toll Keeper Story – PixelArena.io

      August 6, 2026
    • Xbox

      Zaxoid Revives Golden Age Arcade Magic on XBOX

      July 30, 2026

      Ascend to ZERO: A Time-Bending Roguelike Sharpened to the Last Second

      July 29, 2026

      The Mound: Omen of Cthulhu – Your Mind Is the Real Enemy

      July 28, 2026

      Call of Duty: Black Ops 7 and Call of Duty: Warzone Season 05 Content Drop: Full Details

      July 27, 2026

      Castlevania: Belmont’s Curse – How KONAMI and Evil Empire Reimagined Castlevania’s Return

      July 26, 2026
    • Nintendo

      Final Fantasy X 25th Anniversary Fan Art Project Starts

      June 19, 2026

      Vanillaware’s Muramasa: Rebirth Returns as Muramasa: Revenant Blades  

      June 18, 2026

      Final Fantasy Tactics Gets New Game+ and Zodiac Compatibility

      June 17, 2026

      Final Fantasy Resonance HD-2D JRPG Brings Back Brave Exvius

      June 16, 2026

      Dead by Daylight Getting Silent Hill’s Hinako, Bubble Head Nurse

      June 15, 2026
    • Mobile

      Identity V Neo Series Pop Up Store Heading to Book Off USA

      June 21, 2026

      New Cardcaptor Sakura Mobile Game Appears Next Week

      June 20, 2026

      Mead Based on Umamusume Tokai Teio Being Made

      June 19, 2026

      Genshin Impact Luna VIII Adds Sandrone and the Frost Moon

      June 18, 2026

      New Honkai: Star Rail Nendoroids Are Anaxa and Phainon

      June 17, 2026
    • Hardwares

      Li Xiaokai Replaces PICO Founder Zhou Hongwei as Business Head

      July 29, 2026

      Samsung Announces Intelligent Eyewear Built on Android XR

      July 26, 2026

      ENGO Eyewear Raises €5.1M to Expand AR Sports Glasses Business

      July 25, 2026

      Turn Your Immersion Up to 11

      July 24, 2026

      Jorjin and MultiSet AI Link AR Glasses with Physical AI

      July 23, 2026
    • Software

      5 Ways To Measure The ROI Of Influencer Marketing

      June 3, 2026

      How to Protect Your Digital Assets

      June 2, 2026

      How to Use TikTok Templates to Spice Up Your Content

      June 1, 2026

      YouTube Shorts Monetization: How To Grow Your YouTube Channel with Shorts

      May 31, 2026

      How to Get Youtube Sponsorships for Small Channels and Creators

      May 30, 2026
    • Guides

      Today’s Wordle hint and answer for Monday, August 10

      August 10, 2026

      Black Clover Confirms Asta’s God-Level Power In Final Release

      August 9, 2026

      Maggie Robertson on Warlock, and why Shakespeare “is great for games”

      August 8, 2026

      Today’s Wordle hint and answer for Friday, August 7

      August 7, 2026

      Black Clover Finally Solves The Mystery Of Asta’s Father

      August 6, 2026
    • E-Sport

      Alright, I’ve watched the Tekken 8 EWC tourney so far, and here is my prediction for the Top 8

      August 10, 2026

      Nobody is playing fighting games anymore, and Marvel Tōkon: Fighting Souls isn’t helping

      August 9, 2026

      Gambling in esports: Oddin expands, BIG partners with Razed, League of Legends grows at Kalshi

      August 8, 2026

      Valve has finally made Dota 2 worth grinding again with the latest MMR system update

      August 7, 2026

      “The struggle has to exist!”: The FGC is finally realizing games don’t have to be hard to be good

      August 6, 2026
    • Entertainment

      Frankie Grande Tells Ariana ‘Family Forever’ as She Prepares to Step Back

      August 10, 2026

      Bella Thorne Takes Over ‘Spring Breakers 2’ as Writer, Director and Star

      August 9, 2026

      Lindsey Buckingham Says He and Stevie Nicks Are ‘Talking All the Time’ After Years-Long Rift

      August 8, 2026

      Former Army Recruiter Used Seven Identities to Seek $266,000 in Loans and Credit

      August 7, 2026

      Sean ‘Diddy’ Combs’ Release Date Pushed Back Again Weeks After Reported Prison Fight

      August 6, 2026
    • Movies

      James Gray Learned About a Locarno Award. His Wife Mentioned the Trash

      August 10, 2026

      Director cut nudity from One Night Only

      August 9, 2026

      Dwayne Johnson Addresses ‘Moana’ Mixed Reviews After Box Office Flop

      August 8, 2026

      Lea Seydoux loved starring in Gentle Monster, but why?

      August 7, 2026

      Brand New Day’ Box Office Sets Record for Biggest Tuesday

      August 6, 2026
    • Featured

      The Sunday Papers | Rock Paper Shotgun

      August 9, 2026

      Pokémon Pokopia’s Bubbly Basin Impressions – A – Aug 7, 2026

      August 8, 2026

      “Ideas like this usually just die”: Inside generative AI’s effect on modding, and how host sites struggle to maintain transparency

      August 7, 2026

      How Capcom Reinvented And Updated Onimusha’s Combat In Way Of The

      August 6, 2026

      Even after 200 hours, Marathon’s greatest secret is still deciphering the rhythms of rival players

      August 5, 2026
    PixelArena.io
    Home»Movies»Eraser Director Explains How Mission: Impossible Triggered a Rewrite
    Movies June 25, 2026

    Eraser Director Explains How Mission: Impossible Triggered a Rewrite

    Facebook Twitter Pinterest WhatsApp Copy Link
    Eraser Director Explains How Mission: Impossible Triggered a Rewrite
    Share
    Facebook Twitter Pinterest WhatsApp Copy Link

    Eraser director Chuck Russell had a major problem on the 1995 set of his Arnold Schwarzenegger-led actioner. He and his team caught wind of the fact that their third-act set piece had just been pulled off by Tom Cruise and Brian De Palma on the recently wrapped Mission: Impossible. With Eraser scheduled to release a month after the first installment in Cruise’s now-signature action franchise, Russell and co. pivoted on the fly. 

    “The CIA heist scene where Tom Cruise drops in on wires, I had Arnold doing almost exactly the same thing to get a disc out of the CIA, and we had to rewrite it to instead have Arnold get into the enemy company, Cyrez, another way,” Russell tells The Hollywood Reporter in support of Eraser’s 30th anniversary 4K release. “I at least changed that much. I didn’t want to have exactly the same scene.”

    Written by Tony Puryear and Walon Green, Eraser chronicles Schwarzenegger’s U.S. Marshal character, John “Eraser” Kruger, who serves as the last line of defense for witnesses who’ve been compromised while in Witness Protection (WITSEC). From staging their deaths to erasing their identities, he goes the extra mile. Vanessa Williams’ Lee Cullen then presents him with his most dangerous case yet, as she uncovers that her employer, Cyrez, is planning to sell electromagnetic rail guns to terrorists on the black market.

    Oddly enough, the name of that defense contractor, Cyrez, nearly derailed Eraser’s release date in June of ‘96. Russell shot the movie with the company branded as Cyrex, but during post-production, the eleventh-hour discovery of a company called Cyrix forced a mad scramble.

    “Warners offered the company some money, but they said, ‘Look, we really do this. There’s no [amount of] money you can offer us.’ So at the last minute, we had to change the letters in at least 70 shots,” Russell recalls. “We went out to every effects company because they all had to be done very quickly within a week. So that was breathtaking, especially in those days when we had to deliver physical film. We almost missed the delivery ahead of our big opening.”

    Below, during a conversation with THR, Russell also discusses another coincidence involving Schwarzenegger’s character name, as well as The Mask’s role in him landing the directorial job.

    ***

    As painful as it is to say, happy 30th anniversary of Eraser.

    (Laughs.) I appreciate the irony. I’m honored that it has a new audience and demand for it, but 30 years? Really!?

    I remember seeing TV spots for Eraser, but at the time, I never connected the dots that it was the same director as The Mask. One would think that you’d keep riding the comedy wave or that the industry would insist on it. So how did Eraser become your next move?

    I’ve jumped genres. People have mentioned that about my career. I started with horror, and I didn’t want to get stuck with horror. The original intention was for The Mask to be a horror film, so I worked hard to turn it into a comedy. New Line, thankfully, believed in me and let me go that way with both Jim [Carrey] and Cameron [Diaz], who were still new at the time. But I love action movies, and I had a jones to do an action movie. 

    Arnold Schwarzenegger and Chuck Russell on the set of Eraser

    Courtesy of Warner Bros.

    Arnold Schwarzenegger was at the peak of his powers in 1995. True Lies had come out a year earlier. How much wining and dining did you have to do to get him on board?

    Schwarzenegger approached me; it wasn’t the other way around. He loved The Mask, and I saw the opportunity to do a big studio movie with all the bells and whistles. The Mask looks like [a studio film]. We all worked hard to make it look absolutely great, but it was an independent film that picked up studio distribution. New Line eventually became a part of Warners. So Eraser was an opportunity to work with the whole studio system and see what making a movie on that scale was like. I had an idea, but you’re really kind of a ringmaster with hundreds of crew members and dozens of trucks. And in the case of Eraser, there were a lot of pyrotechnics and action sequences to carefully design.

    Arnold and Sly Stallone were often in the mix for the same roles. If one said no, the other said yes. Was that actually the case here?

    I don’t know both sides of the story, but there was a friendly competition. Arnold is a very competitive guy, which is part of his charm. He was competitive, with a sense of humor, regarding Sly. I’ve met Sly before, and he’s also a great guy. So it was a healthy competition. [Writer’s Note: The internet rumor has long been that Stallone said no to Eraser, but I later found a quote in which co-writer Tony Puryear denied the claim, noting that Warners originally backed the project with Arnold in mind because they hadn’t worked with him yet.]

    Considering you directed A Nightmare on Elm Street 3: Dream Warriors featuring Freddy Krueger, were you responsible for Arnold’s character being named Kruger? 

    No, that was weird. I intended to change it, but never did. It just seemed to stick. You’re the first person who’s mentioned this to me, and I thought it was an odd coincidence at the time. But it was not done by me. I came onto the movie after there had been a couple of drafts of the screenplay, and then I did my own director’s polish.

    Apparently, there were a lot of rewrites mid-production. How stressful was it to change plans at the last minute?

    In this case, I was deeply engaged in it. [Russell questions whether he should tell the following story.] Mission: Impossible shot just prior to us, and it had gotten back to us that there was an action scene that was almost exactly the same as one of ours. The CIA heist scene where Tom Cruise drops in on wires, I had Arnold doing almost exactly the same thing to get a disc out of the CIA, and we had to rewrite it to instead have Arnold get into the enemy company, Cyrez, another way. I at least changed that much. I didn’t want to have exactly the same scene. 

    These things are bizarre. They’re very likely a coincidence, but when they happen, you’ve got to respond on your feet. And frankly, it gets my adrenaline up. It was like, “Okay, we’re going to do an even better scene, but we’ve got to write it tonight. We have to get a move on it.” It brings a certain momentum to a film. No one wants this kind of thing, but it wasn’t the end of us. I have a competitive side too, and I wanted to do our best with our team as well. So that was the nature of that rewrite. There weren’t any new pages because of an actor’s performance. The performances were wonderful. I cast it purposefully to raise Arnold’s game and had him play against Jimmy Caan and Vanessa Williams.

    Arnold Schwarzenegger’s John Kruger and Vanessa Williams’ Lee Cullen in Eraser

    Courtesy of Warner Bros.

    I knew that Eraser and the first Mission: Impossible came out within a month of each other, and the Vanessa Williams sequence where she covertly downloads sensitive information onto an optical disc was the one that actually reminded me of that Mission wire heist where Ethan Hunt (Cruise) transfers data onto an optical disc.

    The Arnold scene that was too similar was the one rewrote. That [Vanessa Williams] scene doesn’t particularly bother me because our movie had its own tone and everything. But whatever, I’m a Tom Cruise fan. I love him. I’ve worked with him. I executive produced Collateral. So it’s all good, and there was room for both films, for sure.

    You had various advisers from the CIA and the U.S. Marshals’ WITSEC [Witness Security] program. Did their insight add anything interesting?

    Yes, as a matter of fact. What’s fun is when you get that level of expert advice and one guy from WITSEC and one guy from the CIA disagree on how an op would be handled. I wanted the film to be fun entertainment, but also have a level of authenticity to it. So we engaged those guys. I kept telling the CIA that they’re not the good guys in this story and to not be upset with me. But I made sure they read the script, and they were cool with it. It’s wonderful collaborating with agencies like WITSEC and the CIA. It was a big deal for me.

    Eraser’s electromagnetic rail guns seem like a sci-fi invention, but they do exist in a much larger, real-life form, just not the handheld version in the movie.

    That was my whole take. It was the other thing that was new to the script. In the original script, everyone was running around for a disc. Thank God we changed that because that’s what Mission: Impossible did in that first episode. I said, “Look, I don’t want to [just] do a disc. I’ve seen it a million times. There’s such a thing as a rail gun. Let me tell you about it.” I happened to be familiar with the tech, and I knew it would be brutal if they were able to miniaturize it into a long rifle size. 

    After the movie came out, I got a very interesting back-channel compliment from Naval Intelligence that said I got the rail gun right. I thought that was cool. So I wanted to add a near-future element to it, and it’s something fun that people seem to remember about the movie.

    Arnold Schwarzenegger as John Kruger in Eraser

    Courtesy of Warner Bros.

    You mentioned the villainous defense contractor, Cyrez, earlier. According to the internet, you had to change the name from Cyrex to Cyrez in post. It’d be a breeze today, but was it quite the hassle in ‘95 or ‘96? 

    It almost affected the release of the movie. It did affect my final color timing on the crocodiles, which pissed me off because it has to be dark for the CGI to work. And the last pass on the CGI crocodiles, it got too bright. Right around then, in the sound mix, by a hysterical coincidence, one of my sound men decided to call information for the bad guy company name — Cyrex, as it was scripted — and got a number to call in Texas. Somebody really answered the phone, and they really were on a government contract to make weapons. So I don’t know how legal missed it, but there was a real company with a similar name called Cyrix.

    Warners offered the company some money, but they said, “Look, we really do this. There’s no [amount of] money you can offer us.” So at the last minute, we had to change the letters in at least 70 shots. We went out to every effects company because they all had to be done very quickly within a week. It was Murphy’s law that the name of the company was on everything: helicopters, tops of buildings and cap-wearing guards. So that was breathtaking, especially in those days when we had to deliver physical film. It wasn’t sent digitally through the internet. So we almost missed the delivery ahead of our big opening.

    When you watch the film now, do you see other ways in which your filming experience would be so much easier today? 

    I hadn’t seen it in years. I revisited it [for the new 4K release]. I wanted to do the remix and the new colorization because it would become my new master. So I wanted to be involved, and they invited me to be involved. But I was impressed at how much we did physically. It really was an ambitious film in terms of the scope of the sets and the action. Yes, there was CGI, but it wasn’t as perfected. It was pretty new still at that time. 

    Most of the action was well-staged physical action involving Arnold, my actors and my great stunt teams. We had an incredible parachuting team that did the plane sequence. So the stunt work was quite remarkable. But what I thought to myself recently was how I would be asked to use CGI for so much of this movie now. Real physical stunts bring a level of suspense to the audience. They can sense that the stunt was actually risky because it also increases suspense in the actors’ performances. Real stunt work and physical action add to the thrill of the movie.

    Arnold Schwarzenegger on the set of Eraser

    Courtesy of Warner Bros.

    It’s been reported that you and producer Arnold Kopelson didn’t click with one another. Was every decision a struggle?

    I’ve been hearing this lately, and I think it’s gotten a little overblown. I would be happy to tell you if I had been wronged or something. But what happened was the original script was rather typical. It was Arnold with a handgun and fistfights. True Lies had also been out the year before, which I loved. So when I was asked to do Eraser, I just said, “Arnold, we’re going to have to do some things I’ve never seen before in an action movie. We need three big action set pieces. Here are my ideas.” And Arnold Schwarzenegger loved them. So maybe that was the source of what some people perceive as a conflict [with Arnold Kopelson]. Maybe [Kopelson] was happy to move ahead with the original version, but he never really came at me about it. Arnold Schwarzenegger wanted [the new take], and he understood why I wanted it. So the studio agreed, and they got what they wanted, which was Arnold’s next $100 million hit blockbuster. So the pressure was on me, and that’s what we delivered.

    One of the trailers has some shots of Vanessa Williams posing as a dead body, much like the mobster and his wife at the start of the movie. It looks like the same set and area rug were used in both cases. Did you film those pieces for the trailer at the same time as the movie’s opening sequence?

    It’s in a trailer? 

    Yes, the Vanessa Williams trailer footage mirrors the movie’s opening. There’s exterior shots of the same house too.

    I do not remember shooting both. We shot that [opening] sequence in New York. Vanessa was there for scenes in New York, but I don’t recall pulling her into that sequence for a few shots. Look, it’s been 30 years. Maybe I’m misremembering. So that could have been done by marketing, and the area rug was handy. Who knows? Marketing teams get creative sometimes, so that’s an interesting fact that I didn’t know or recall.

    Lastly, what day on set recurs most often in your mind? 

    It’d be some of the stuff at the end with the boxcar in the air. There was stunt folk on it, and I always have good stunt craft. I’ve done it for years. Nobody’s gotten hurt. But on the day, I remember thinking, “Once I say action, this is out of my control.” Fortunately, it all went well. But that’s rather personal. I had my own reasons. I would not have shot it if it was actually dangerous, but I just had a feeling that day. Ultimately, everything worked out fine, and it was all good. It may not be a fun anecdote, but that’s what comes to mind.

    ***
    Eraser is now available on 4K.

    Share. Facebook Twitter Pinterest LinkedIn WhatsApp Copy Link
    Previous ArticleWho Is ‘Dee Dee’? Madonna And Interview Magazine Are Not Saying Yet
    Next Article Meta and EssilorLuxottica Launch New Meta Glasses AI Eyewear Line

    Related Posts

    James Gray Learned About a Locarno Award. His Wife Mentioned the Trash

    Director cut nudity from One Night Only

    Dwayne Johnson Addresses ‘Moana’ Mixed Reviews After Box Office Flop

    Lea Seydoux loved starring in Gentle Monster, but why?

    Brand New Day’ Box Office Sets Record for Biggest Tuesday

    Maude Apatow’s directorial debut finds new home following distribution turmoil

    Sony Boss Teases Future Movies

    Samantha Morton compares landing The Odyssey role to making Olympic squad

    Add A Comment
    Leave A Reply Cancel Reply

    Follow Us
    • Facebook
    • Twitter
    • Pinterest
    • Instagram
    Top Picks
    Guides

    Channeling Hades, popular new roguelike Hell Clock just got a new difficulty

    Guides July 29, 2025
    Mobile

    2.5 FFVII Ever Crisis Anniversary Features Tifa and Sephiroth Costumes

    Mobile February 23, 2026
    News

    Virtex Stadium to Feature Echo VR in First Live Event

    News September 18, 2025
    E-Sport

    South Korea’s ruling party leader calls for stronger esports policy

    E-Sport November 15, 2025
    News

    Ray Gun Mark II Wonder Weapon Leaks For Black Ops 6 Zombies

    News July 5, 2026

    Subscribe to Updates

    Get The Latest News, Updates, And Amazing Offers

    Editors Picks
    PlayStation October 14, 2025

    Jurassic World Evolution 3 – Introducing the Island Generator – PixelArena.io

    Reviews February 1, 2026

    25 Years After First Blowing Our Minds, Halo Is Having an Identity Crisis

    Movies July 20, 2025

    James Gunn on Telling Henry Cavill He Wasn’t Returning as Superman

    Guides October 19, 2025

    The Elder Scrolls Online is taking “big swings” to avoid being “predictable,” but its first crack is off to a rocky start

    About Us
    About Us

    Your ultimate source for gaming news, delivering the latest updates, reviews, and insights from the gaming world. Stay informed, entertained, and ahead of the game with our comprehensive coverage of all things gaming.

    Facebook X (Twitter) Instagram Pinterest
    Our Picks
    PC

    Best handheld gaming PC 2025

    Movies

    Timothée Chalamet to Receive Italian Award for “Cinematic Excellence”

    Nintendo

    Harvest Moon: Echoes of Teradea Release Date and Pre-order Plush Revealed

    Top Reviews
    E-Sport

    Alright, I’ve watched the Tekken 8 EWC tourney so far, and here is my prediction for the Top 8

    Movies

    James Gray Learned About a Locarno Award. His Wife Mentioned the Trash

    Entertainment

    Frankie Grande Tells Ariana ‘Family Forever’ as She Prepares to Step Back

    © 2026 PixelArena.io.
    • Home
    • About Us
    • Contact us
    • Privacy Policy
    • Terms & Conditions

    Type above and press Enter to search. Press Esc to cancel.